Bacterial Vaginosis Test
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection caused by an imbalance of normal bacteria in the vagina. It is not considered a sexually transmitted infection, but sexual activity can contribute to its development.
What is a Bacterial Vaginosis Test?
A BV test helps diagnose bacterial vaginosis by identifying the signs of infection and detecting abnormal vaginal flora. Testing is important for proper treatment and to rule out other causes of vaginal symptoms.
Common Symptoms of BV:
- Thin, white or gray vaginal discharge
- Fishy-smelling odor, especially after sex
- Itching or burning sensation
- Vaginal discomfort
How is the Test Done?
The test usually includes a pelvic exam and collection of a vaginal fluid sample. The healthcare provider may look for:
- Clue cells under a microscope
- High vaginal pH level (above 4.5)
- Fishy odor during a “whiff test” with potassium hydroxide (KOH)
Types of Tests for BV:
- Microscopy (wet mount slide)
- pH testing strip
- Whiff test
- DNA or molecular tests
- Gram stain (Nugent score)
Why Testing is Important:
- Confirms the diagnosis of BV
- Rules out yeast infections or STIs
- Guides proper antibiotic treatment
Treatment Options:
Once diagnosed, BV is treated with oral or vaginal antibiotics like metronidazole or clindamycin. Recurrent infections may require longer treatment or lifestyle changes.
Prevention Tips:
- Avoid douching
- Use condoms during sex
- Limit number of sexual partners
- Maintain healthy vaginal hygiene
Scientific References:
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
- Workowski KA, et al. (2021). Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines. MMWR Recomm Rep.
- Amsel R, et al. (1983). Nonspecific vaginitis. Diagnostic criteria and microbial and epidemiologic associations. Am J Med.
- Mayaud P & Kaounda M. (2008). Bacterial vaginosis: A public health issue. J Infect Dis.
- Sobel JD. (2000). Bacterial vaginosis. Annu Rev Med.