What Is World Tuberculosis Day?

World Tuberculosis (TB) Day is observed on March 24 every year to raise public awareness about the devastating health, social, and economic impact of TB. The date marks the day in 1882 when Dr. Robert Koch announced the discovery of the bacterium that causes TB, paving the way for diagnosis and cure.

Understanding Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, primarily affecting the lungs but can spread to other parts of the body. It spreads through the air when people with active TB cough, sneeze, or speak.

Common Symptoms of TB

• Persistent cough (lasting more than 3 weeks)
• Chest pain and difficulty breathing
• Fever and night sweats
• Fatigue and unexplained weight loss
• Coughing up blood or mucus

TB Prevention Strategies

• Vaccination with BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin)
• Early diagnosis and complete treatment of active TB
• Wearing masks and improving ventilation in crowded areas
• Preventive therapy for people with latent TB infection
• Public awareness and community-based programs

Diagnosis and Treatment

TB is diagnosed using skin tests, blood tests, chest X-rays, and sputum analysis. The treatment typically involves a 6-month course of antibiotics. Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) ensures patients complete their medication and helps prevent drug-resistant TB.

Why This Day Matters

Despite being preventable and curable, TB remains one of the world’s deadliest infectious killers. World Tuberculosis Day calls for global action and solidarity to ensure access to proper diagnosis, treatment, and care for all affected individuals.

How You Can Contribute

• Spread awareness about TB prevention and symptoms
• Encourage early testing and treatment in your community
• Support NGOs and public health programs focused on TB
• Share educational resources on social media