What is Hepatitis B?

Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver. It is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and can be either acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term). Chronic Hepatitis B can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis, or even liver cancer.

What is the HBsAg Test?

The HBsAg test (Hepatitis B surface antigen test) is used to detect the presence of the Hepatitis B virus in the blood. The test checks for a protein on the surface of the virus (HBsAg), which is the earliest indicator of an active Hepatitis B infection.

Why is This Test Important?

• Early detection helps prevent the spread of the virus.
• It helps doctors decide on treatment plans.
• It’s also a screening test for:
  • Blood donors
  • Pregnant women
  • People at high risk of HBV

When Should You Get Tested?

You should get tested for Hepatitis B if you:

• Have had unprotected sex
• Share needles or syringes
• Live with someone who has Hepatitis B
• Are pregnant
• Are a healthcare worker
• Were born in a country with a high rate of Hepatitis B
• Have elevated liver enzymes

How is the Test Done?

• A blood sample is taken from a vein.
• No special preparation is needed.
• Results are usually available within 1 to 2 days.

What Do the Results Mean?

• Positive (Reactive): HBsAg is present → Active Hepatitis B infection
• Negative (Non-Reactive): HBsAg is not detected → No infection, or infection is in a very early or resolved stage

Is Hepatitis B Curable?

• Acute infections often resolve on their own.
• Chronic Hepatitis B can’t be cured, but it can be managed with antiviral medications to reduce liver damage.

Prevention Tips

• Get the Hepatitis B vaccine (safe and effective)
• Avoid sharing needles or razors
• Practice safe sex
• Ensure screened blood in transfusions

🔬 Sources / Scientific References:

MedlinePlus. (2023). HBsAg Test

CDC. (2023). Hepatitis B Information

WHO. (2023). Hepatitis B Fact Sheet

Mayo Clinic. (2023). Hepatitis B Diagnosis

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