What is Hepatitis C?

Hepatitis C is a liver infection caused by the Hepatitis C virus (HCV). It spreads mainly through blood-to-blood contact, such as sharing needles, unscreened blood transfusions, or in some cases, unprotected sex.

If not treated, chronic Hepatitis C can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis, or liver cancer.

What is the Anti-HCV Test?

The Anti-HCV test is a blood test that checks for antibodies your body produces in response to an HCV infection. It does not detect the virus itself, but it shows whether you have ever been infected.

If the test is positive, further testing (like HCV RNA PCR) is done to confirm active infection.

Why is the Anti-HCV Test Important?

It helps with early detection of Hepatitis C.
It reduces the risk of liver complications through timely treatment.
Essential for blood donation screening.
Crucial for people at higher risk (e.g., IV drug users, dialysis patients, healthcare workers).

When Should You Get Tested?

Consider getting tested if you:

Have shared needles or syringes
Received blood transfusion before 1992
Are on long-term hemodialysis
Have HIV
Have abnormal liver function tests
Were born between 1945 and 1965 (in some countries, per CDC guidelines)

How is the Test Done?

A simple blood sample is drawn.
No fasting is required.
Results are usually available within 1–2 days.

What Do the Results Mean?

Non-reactive / Negative: No HCV antibodies → No infection (or very recent infection)
Reactive / Positive: HCV antibodies found → Past or current infection → Confirmatory HCV RNA test needed

Can Hepatitis C Be Cured?

Yes! With direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drugs, over 95% of cases can be cured, especially when diagnosed early.

Prevention Tips

Avoid sharing injection equipment
Use screened blood for transfusions
Follow safe sex practices
Avoid unsterile tattoo or piercing tools

🔬 Sources / Scientific References:

MedlinePlus. (2023). Anti-HCV Test

CDC. (2023). Hepatitis C Questions and Answers

WHO. (2023). Hepatitis C Fact Sheet

Mayo Clinic. (2023). Hepatitis C Diagnosis