What is Hepatitis B?
Hepatitis B is a viral infection that affects the liver. It is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and can be either acute (short-term) or chronic (long-term). Chronic Hepatitis B can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis, or even liver cancer.
What is the HBsAg Test?
The HBsAg test (Hepatitis B surface antigen test) is used to detect the presence of the Hepatitis B virus in the blood. The test checks for a protein on the surface of the virus (HBsAg), which is the earliest indicator of an active Hepatitis B infection.
Why is This Test Important?
- Early detection helps prevent the spread of the virus.
- It helps doctors decide on treatment plans.
- It’s also a screening test for:
- Blood donors
- Pregnant women
- People at high risk of HBV
When Should You Get Tested?
You should get tested for Hepatitis B if you:
- Have had unprotected sex
- Share needles or syringes
- Live with someone who has Hepatitis B
- Are pregnant
- Are a healthcare worker
- Were born in a country with a high rate of Hepatitis B
- Have elevated liver enzymes
How is the Test Done?
- A blood sample is taken from a vein.
- No special preparation is needed.
- Results are usually available within 1 to 2 days.
What Do the Results Mean?
- Positive (Reactive): HBsAg is present → Active Hepatitis B infection
- Negative (Non-Reactive): HBsAg is not detected → No infection, or infection is in a very early or resolved stage
Is Hepatitis B Curable?
- Acute infections often resolve on their own.
- Chronic Hepatitis B can’t be cured, but it can be managed with antiviral medications to reduce liver damage.
Prevention Tips
- Get the Hepatitis B vaccine (safe and effective)
- Avoid sharing needles or razors
- Practice safe sex
- Ensure screened blood in transfusions
🔬 Sources / Scientific References:
MedlinePlus. (2023). HBsAg Test
CDC. (2023). Hepatitis B Information
WHO. (2023). Hepatitis B Fact Sheet
Mayo Clinic. (2023). Hepatitis B Diagnosis